Written by:- Sharanya Gawde.
30 June 2022.
What is NATO?
NATO is the abbreviated form of The North Atlantic Treaty Organization. It is the intergovernmental military alliance between 28 European and 2 North American states.
The main purpose of NATO is to provide its member states security and guarantee their freedom through political and military means.
The political means by which it benefits its member states is by promoting democratic values and by enabling members to consult and cooperate on defence and security-related issues.
NATO stays committed to the peaceful resolution of disputes. If the efforts of diplomats fail, then NATO has the military power to undertake crisis-management operations.
What are the policies of NATO?
A few policies of NATO are
1. Collective Defence- The principles of NATO are such that if one NATO ally is attacked, then all NATO Allies are attacked. To take an example, when the USA was attacked on 9/11, all the NATO Allies stood together with America. Since 2014, we have seen the biggest increase in NATO’s collective defence ever since the cold war. NATO has now deployed four multinationals to Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland. With these multinationals deployed, NATO does not wish to provoke a conflict but rather prevent one.
2. Managing crises around the world- NATO seeks to promote stability within the member countries. NATO has stopped further bloodshed from occurring in Bosnia and Kosovo ever since the 1990s. NATO has also made sure that Afghanistan is not a terror hotspot for international terrorist organisations. It has also addressed the refugee and migrant crisis in Europe.
3. NATO’s “Open Door” Policy- This policy ensures that any country in the Euro-Atlantic area who wishes to join the Alliance is free to do so. They have to meet the standards and obligations of membership and make sure to contribute to the security of the Alliance. The most recent member welcomed by NATO was North Macedonia in 2020.
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